Plastics are organic materials, which are based on macromolecular compounds (polymers), either  of synthetic or natural origin. Today plastic based on synthetic polymers is applied exceptionally wide due to its low cost.

Every day every person uses many useful things and devices, the existence of which would have been unthinkable without various plastics. Plastics have long penetrated all spheres of human activity, and development of technical progress would be impossible without it. Any new product, no matter whether it is a medical device, electronics, car parts, toys, packaging or packaging is unthinkable without the parts, consisting of plastics.

Plastic containers and plastic bags are used everywhere today - from household chemicals and cosmetics to food industry. Especially it is widely used for the production of polyethylene plastic bottles. Such a packaging is used for packing of mineral water, soft drinks and juices. It is quite natural that the amount of plastic produced by mankind is increasing every year.

However , there is a problem facing humanity: it is a  need to dispose of plastic waste. Plastic, in any case, must not be burned, because it produced many harmful substances emitted into the atmosphere . Plastic is often present in admixtures with various materials such as glass, metals, paper, food scraps. Typical examples are cardboard food packaging for juices with laminated layer of aluminum / plastic. In addition, recycled plastics through natural decomposition virtually impossible - plastic decomposes over 200 years.

Pyrolysis of plastic.

 In our case pyrolysis of plastic materials and plastics is a question of disposal of solid domestic waste, i.e.burning of polymer waste containing hydrocarbons inoxygen-free environment at a temperature of about 600 °C. During this process, the solids are converted into a hot gas, which can be used to generate heat energy, and a liquid – residual oil.

Synthetic fuel is obtained from the liquid obtained by the pyrolysis of plastic , which after purification can be used in internal combustion engines.

In this idea, in fact, there is nothing new. In Germany, before World War II, the method of pyrolysis has been widely used to obtain fuel: Nazi tanks rushed into the USSR on liquid fuel, which was obtained from coal by the Fischer-Tropsch process. Of course, since that time the fuel quality requirements have undergone major changes.

Pyrolysis of plastic destroys approximately 99.9% of the harmful substances, which have been added to polymers during production. Ash remaining after pyrolysis can be briquetted and used as stove fuel. Therefore, plastic pyrolysis waste is perfectly safe.

 As in the case of tires, during pyrolysis of plastics, it is possible to obtain:  a) electricity, b) condensation of oil.

Output of pyrolysis oil from a mixture of plastics depends on the composition of the mixture, e.g. polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene: 70% (by weight); Polyurethanes: ~ 50-52%; Pyrolysis oil is used as boiler or furnace fuel, or fuel for diesel generators.

 Recycling of plastics by means of pyrolysis at 425 °C is very promising, as it gives fuel consisting of liquid hydrocarbons (95%) and gas fuel (5%).It is very cost-effective to apply this technology to process plastic waste

 Benefits of recycling plastics by means of pyrolysis:

• No catalyst

• Easy operation and maintenance

• Disposal of these materials to produce electricity

• Full automatic operation, computer-controlled system

• Low emissions